White Mountains

History of the White Mountain Region

The White Mountain Region has a rich and storied history that dates back to the early days of European exploration and settlement in North America. The area was originally inhabited by various Native American tribes, including the Abenaki, who lived off the land and revered the mountains as sacred. The first recorded European exploration of the White Mountains was by Darby Field, an English settler who in 1642 became the first known European to climb Mount Washington, the tallest peak in the Northeast.

During the 19th century, the White Mountain Region became a popular destination for artists, writers, and tourists, drawn by the stunning landscapes and the promise of fresh air and tranquility. The region’s iconic mountain profiles, such as the Old Man of the Mountain (which tragically collapsed in 2003), were immortalized in paintings and literature, further enhancing its appeal.

The construction of the railroad in the mid-1800s made the White Mountains more accessible, leading to a boom in tourism. Grand hotels and resorts sprang up across the region, catering to the influx of visitors seeking to escape the hustle and bustle of city life. The most famous of these is the Mount Washington Hotel, which opened in 1902 and remains a symbol of the region’s luxurious past.

Today, the White Mountain Region is a year-round destination, offering everything from skiing and snowboarding in the winter to hiking and sightseeing in the summer. The area’s history is preserved in its many museums, historic sites, and the ongoing tradition of outdoor recreation that continues to draw visitors.

White Mountain Attractions

The White Mountain Region is brimming with attractions that cater to all interests and ages. Whether you’re an outdoor enthusiast, a history buff, or simply looking to relax and take in the scenery, there’s something here for everyone.

Mount Washington: The crown jewel of the White Mountains, Mount Washington is the highest peak in the Northeast, standing at 6,288 feet. The mountain is famous for its extreme weather conditions and is home to the Mount Washington Observatory. Visitors can reach the summit via the Mount Washington Auto Road, the historic Cog Railway, or by hiking one of the many trails that lead to the top. On a clear day, the views from the summit are simply breathtaking, offering panoramic vistas of the surrounding mountains and valleys.

Franconia Notch State Park: Nestled between the high peaks of the Kinsman and Franconia mountain ranges, Franconia Notch State Park is a natural wonderland. The park is home to the Flume Gorge, a stunning natural chasm that visitors can explore via a boardwalk trail. The park also features the Basin, a beautiful natural granite pothole, and the site of the Old Man of the Mountain.

Cannon Mountain: Known for its excellent skiing and snowboarding, Cannon Mountain is a popular winter destination. In the summer, visitors can take the Cannon Mountain Aerial Tramway to the summit, where they can enjoy hiking, picnicking, and spectacular views.

The Kancamagus Highway: This 34.5-mile scenic byway, also known as “The Kanc,” is one of the most famous drives in New England. The highway winds through the heart of the White Mountains, offering stunning views of the Pemigewasset Wilderness, the Swift River, and the surrounding peaks. Along the way, you’ll find numerous opportunities to stop and explore, including hiking trails, waterfalls, and picnic areas.

The Conway Scenic Railroad: Experience the beauty of the White Mountains from the comfort of a historic train on the Conway Scenic Railroad. The railroad offers a variety of excursions, from short scenic rides to full-day trips through the mountains. The trains are a throwback to the golden age of rail travel, with vintage coaches and panoramic views.

Story Land and Santa’s Village: Perfect for families with young children, Story Land and Santa’s Village are two of the most beloved theme parks in the region. Story Land, located in Glen, features fairy tale-themed rides and attractions, while Santa’s Village in Jefferson offers Christmas-themed fun year-round.

Coos County – The Great North Woods

Coos County, located in the northernmost part of New Hampshire, is often referred to as the Great North Woods. This remote and rugged area is a haven for outdoor enthusiasts, offering a true escape into nature. With its vast forests, pristine lakes, and abundant wildlife, Coos County is the perfect destination for those seeking solitude and adventure.

Dixville Notch State Park: One of the most picturesque spots in Coos County, Dixville Notch State Park is a must-visit for hikers and nature lovers. The park features dramatic cliffs, waterfalls, and scenic vistas. The famous “Balsams Grand Resort Hotel” is located nearby, adding a touch of historical charm to the area.

Moose Watching: Coos County is one of the best places in New England to see moose in the wild. The region’s dense forests and wetlands provide the perfect habitat for these majestic creatures. Visitors can take guided moose tours or try their luck spotting one on their own along the area’s many backroads and trails.

Umbagog Lake State Park: A paradise for paddlers and anglers, Umbagog Lake State Park straddles the border between New Hampshire and Maine. The park offers camping, boating, fishing, and wildlife watching, with opportunities to see loons, eagles, and moose in their natural habitat. The lake is also a designated National Wildlife Refuge, ensuring its pristine condition is preserved for future generations.

The Connecticut River Scenic Byway: Running along the western edge of Coos County, the Connecticut River Scenic Byway offers a beautiful drive through some of the most picturesque landscapes in the region. The byway follows the Connecticut River, New England’s longest river, and passes through charming towns, farmland, and forests.

Carroll County

Carroll County, located in the eastern part of the White Mountain Region, is home to some of the most popular tourist destinations in New Hampshire. With its charming towns, scenic drives, and outdoor recreation opportunities, Carroll County has something for everyone.

Mount Washington Valley: The Mount Washington Valley is a four-season destination that offers a wide range of activities, from skiing and snowboarding in the winter to hiking, biking, and golfing in the summer. The valley is home to several popular towns, including North Conway, Jackson, and Bartlett, each with its unique charm and attractions.

North Conway: North Conway is one of the most visited towns in the White Mountain Region, known for its charming downtown area, outlet shopping, and proximity to outdoor activities. Visitors can explore the shops and restaurants, take a scenic drive along the Kancamagus Highway, or venture into the mountains for hiking and sightseeing.

Jackson: The quaint village of Jackson is famous for its picturesque covered bridge, known as the “Honeymoon Bridge,” and its charming inns and bed-and-breakfasts. Jackson is a popular destination for couples seeking a romantic getaway and offers easy access to hiking trails, waterfalls, and scenic drives.

Attitash Mountain Resort: Located in Bartlett, Attitash Mountain Resort is a popular ski destination in the winter and an adventure park in the summer. The resort features two mountains with a variety of ski trails, as well as alpine slides, mountain biking, and zip-lining in the warmer months.

The Mount Washington Hotel

The Mount Washington Hotel, located in Bretton Woods, is one of the most iconic landmarks in the White Mountain Region. Opened in 1902, the hotel is a grand example of the Gilded Age’s opulence and elegance. It was built by railroad tycoon Joseph Stickney, who spared no expense in creating a luxurious retreat for the wealthy elite.

The hotel is famous for its stunning location at the base of Mount Washington, offering guests breathtaking views of the surrounding mountains. The hotel’s architecture is equally impressive, with its grand lobby, sweeping staircases, and elegant dining rooms. The Mount Washington Hotel has hosted numerous dignitaries and celebrities over the years, including U.S. Presidents, European royalty, and Hollywood stars.

In 1944, the hotel gained international recognition when it hosted the Bretton Woods Conference, where the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference was held. The conference led to the creation of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank, cementing the hotel’s place in history.

Today, the Mount Washington Hotel remains a popular destination for visitors to the White Mountain Region. The hotel offers a range of accommodations, dining options, and recreational activities, including golf, tennis, and a full-service spa. The hotel’s proximity to Bretton Woods Ski Resort and the Mount Washington Cog Railway makes it an ideal base for exploring the region.

The Mount Washington Valley

The Mount Washington Valley is a year-round destination that offers a wide range of activities and attractions for visitors. Nestled in the heart of the White Mountains, the valley is home to some of the most beautiful landscapes in New England, with towering peaks, lush forests, and crystal-clear rivers.

Skiing and Snowboarding: The Mount Washington Valley is a mecca for winter sports enthusiasts, with several ski resorts offering a variety of terrain for all skill levels. Some of the most popular resorts in the area include Attitash Mountain Resort, Cranmore Mountain Resort, and Wildcat Mountain. In addition to downhill skiing and snowboarding, the valley offers opportunities for cross-country skiing, snowshoeing, and snowmobiling.

Hiking and Biking: When the snow melts, the Mount Washington Valley becomes a paradise for hikers and bikers. The area is home to hundreds of miles of trails, ranging from easy walks to challenging climbs. Some of the most popular hikes in the region include the Tuckerman Ravine Trail, the Moat Mountain Range, and the Mount Willard Trail. For bikers, the valley offers a variety of road and mountain biking routes, with stunning scenery at every turn.

Waterfalls: The Mount Washington Valley is home to some of the most beautiful waterfalls in New England. One of the most popular is Diana’s Baths, a series of cascading falls and pools located just outside of North Conway. Other notable waterfalls in the area include Jackson Falls, Glen Ellis Falls, and Arethusa Falls, the tallest waterfall in New Hampshire.

Shopping and Dining: The towns of the Mount Washington Valley offer a wide range of shopping and dining options, from boutique shops and art galleries to farm-to-table restaurants and cozy cafes. North Conway is the main shopping hub, with its outlet malls, antique shops, and specialty stores. For dining, visitors can enjoy everything from casual eateries to fine dining establishments, with a focus on locally sourced ingredients.

Grafton County

Grafton County, located in the western part of the White Mountain Region, is known for its scenic beauty, historic towns, and outdoor recreation opportunities. The county is home to some of the most popular destinations in the White Mountains, including Franconia Notch State Park and the Kancamagus Highway.

Franconia Notch State Park: As mentioned earlier, Franconia Notch State Park is one of the crown jewels of the White Mountain Region. In addition to the Flume Gorge and the Basin, the park is home to the Cannon Mountain Aerial Tramway, which offers stunning views of the surrounding mountains. The park is also a popular spot for hiking, with trails leading to the summits of Mount Lafayette, Mount Lincoln, and Cannon Mountain.

The Kancamagus Highway: The Kancamagus Highway, or “The Kanc,” is a must-see for any visitor to the White Mountains. The highway runs through Grafton County, offering some of the most spectacular views in the region. Along the way, visitors can stop at various points of interest, including the Sabbaday Falls, Rocky Gorge, and the Russell-Colbath Historic Site.

Lincoln and Woodstock: The towns of Lincoln and Woodstock are popular gateways to the White Mountain Region, offering a variety of lodging, dining, and entertainment options. Lincoln is home to Loon Mountain Resort, a popular ski destination in the winter and a hub for outdoor activities in the summer. The town also hosts the New Hampshire Highland Games, one of the largest Scottish festivals in the country. Woodstock, just a short drive from Lincoln, is known for its charming downtown area and the famous Woodstock Inn Brewery.

The Appalachian Trail: The Appalachian Trail, one of the most famous long-distance hiking trails in the world, passes through Grafton County. The trail traverses the White Mountains, offering hikers some of the most challenging and rewarding sections of the entire trail. The trail passes through Franconia Notch, the Presidential Range, and the Mahoosuc Range, with numerous opportunities for day hikes or longer backpacking trips.

The New Hampshire White Mountain Region is a destination that offers something for everyone. From its rich history and stunning natural beauty to its wide range of attractions and outdoor activities, the region is a place where memories are made. Whether you’re exploring the scenic byways, hiking the rugged trails, or simply relaxing at one of the region’s historic inns, the White Mountains are sure to leave a lasting impression.

For White Mountain photos, and NH travel updates bookmark nhliving.com – New Hampshire’s Online Magazine. Here, you can find more information about the region, plan your visit, and discover everything this beautiful part of the world has to offer.